Deflection type vacuum tube



Jan. 23, 1951 .1. H. HOSEMANN 2,539,250

DEFLECTION TYPE VACUUM TUBE Filed Dec. 22, 1948 Jomv H. H OSE-MANM IN V EN TOR.

A TTOENEY Patented Jan. 23, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 'John Hosemann, Fort Worth, Tex., assignor .of fifty -.per cent to Marvin Schuster, Fort Worth; Tex.

Application December 22, 1948, Serial No. 66731 -Claims. 1

This invention relates to electronic vacuum tubes, and it has particular reference to a deflection type of vacuum tube whose prime object resides in the provision of'an association of elements which are more substantial structurally than conventional vacuum tubes and which afford an arrangement whereby interelectrodc capacity is greatly reduced by the provision of shorter elements capable of yielding a greater possible ratio of change in voltage output with respect to the change in control voltage, that is, providing greater gain, by proper'positioning and operation of the electrodes with respect to each other in the evacuated envelope in which the elements are encased.

Another object of the invention is that of providing a vacuum tube in which the control ele- -ment or grid is arranged inthe path or beam of betweenthesemembers and afford meanswhereby the electrons emanating from the cathode are directed laterally fromthis element in a relatively thin beam toward the anode and be ;partially dispersed or diffused by the grid element and absorbed by a collector ring and conducted from the casing.

Broadly, the invention contemplates the provision of a vacuum tube embodying a structural design by which a reduction in anode current can be accomplished without the use of conventional methods of slowing or stopping a portion of the electrons in the cathode area, and to eliminate the use of a cathode condenser normally employed in a self-biased circuit, to maintain a smooth control element voltage.

While the foregoing objects are paramount other and lesser objects will become manifest as the description proceeds, taken in connection with the appended drawings wherein:

Figure 1 diagrammatically illustrates the arrangement of the cathode, and its tubular casing, the grid control element and anode, the collector ring embracing these elements and a circult, and

Figure 2 is a perspective View of the elements of the invention, the evacuated casing being shown cut away, illustrating the association of the parts.

The invention is designed primarily for use .as a voltage amplifier to be employed inany of the conventional circuits and may also find favor in any of the numerous oscillator circuits which employ the conventional vacuum tubes. 'It will become apparent that by properly proportioning the geometrical configuration of the elements a greater voltage gain can be obtained in the invention than is possible in the conventional tubes.

The elements are housed within an evacuated casing it, of conventional design, having a base I I on which are arranged a plurality of suitably spaced electrodes I 2, as shown in Figure 2. A cathode I3 is arranged longitudinally of the casing It, preferably on one side of the assembly, as in Figure l, and has a filament l4 arranged coaxially thereof. This assembly is embraced by'a tubular conducting sleeve it which is electrically connected to the cathode l3 and is formed with a longitudinal slit it ,on one side directed toward the center of the casing it. The cathode l3 and its filament I4 are positioned concentrically of the sleeve l5 so that the slit [6 is in alignment with these members and the longitudinal axis :of the :casing JIO.

Opposite the cathode l 3, as also in alignment with the slit it, is an anode plate I] which is arrangedin aplane parallel to the cathode 1:3,

andits associated parts, and :the plate -I I is arcuate in transverse section, as apparent in Figure 1. .A control element, or grid IB'is positioned between the cathode !3 and the anode plate IT in precise alignment with the slit I6 and spaced from the latter sufliciently to deflect a certain portion of the electrons emanating from the cathode l3 by means of the repelling action of the negative potential on the control grid l8 which consists of a single straight wire.

A collector ring or band I9 is arranged about the entire assembly and extends to each edge of the anode plate IT, as shown in Figure l, and functions to collect or absorb the excess electrons from the cathode l3 and be conducted from the elements through a conductor 20. A negative increment in control element potential deflects more electrons to the collector ring l9 thus reducing the anode current. A positive increment of control element voltage results ina reduction of the deflection of the electrons and bone a corresponding increase in anode current.

The actual ratio of plate or anode change in current to the change in control element potential is a function of the geometrical configuration and the potentials of the tube elements. The most important relationships involved are the distances between the slit E6, in the sleeve l5, the control element or grid I8, and the anode I1, the area of the anode H also being a factor.

The control grid I8 is connected by a conductor 2! to a source 22 of electrical voltage and the signal source while the anode I! is connected through a conductor 23. The cathode i3 is connected to a ground conductor 24. Any desired circuit arrangement may be employed, the diagram illustrated in Figure 1 being merely suggestive.

It is apparent, therefore, that the electrons emitted from the cathode I3 must, by reason of the elongated slit i6 in the sleeve 85, be projected in a relatively thin wall. The electrons are attracted to the positively charged anode l1 and, to a lesser extent, the collector ring l9 Whose potential is less than that of the anode I! and greater than the potential of the cathode I3. With an initial negative potential, with respect to the cathode 13, applied to the control element 3 a certain number or portion of electrons are deflected to the collector ring I9.

Obviously, certain changes and modifications may be resorted to, from time to time, by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and intent of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A vacuum tube comprising a cathode, anode plate and control grid element in an evacuated casing, the said cathode being arranged on one side of said casing and having a cylindrical enclosure coaXially thereabout, an eliptical electron collector ring embracing said elements and open on one side to said anode plate, the said cylindrical enclosure having a vertical slit in alignment WlthSald cathode and between the latter and the opening in said collector ring, the said control grid element being mounted before said slit and spaced from said cathode to diffuse electronic discharges therefrom to said anode and collector ring.

2. A deflection type of vacuum tube having a cathode, transversely curved anode plate and a control grid element in an evacuated casing, the said cathode and anode plate being opposingly situated on each side of said casing, a coaxial sleeve embracing said cathode and having a vertical opening on one side in alignment with said cathode, a collector ring surrounding said cathode and grid element and having an opening opposite said cathode for said anode plate, the said grid element being mounted between said vertical opening in said sleeve and said anode plate, whereby part of the electrons emanating from said cathode to said anode plate are intercepted by said grid element and dispersed to said collector ring.

3. A deflection type of vacuum tube comprising a cathode, and an anode plate, a sleeve surrounding said cathode and having a vertical slit on one side in alignment with said cathode therein, a grid element positioned before said slit and spaced from said sleeve, a collector ring embracing said cathode and grid element and partially embracing said anode plate opposite to said cathode, the said grid element being capable of deflecting a portion of the electrons emanating from said cathode to said collector ring from said anode plate.

4. A deflection type of vacuum tube comprising a cathode element in said tube having a sleeve coaxially enveloping the same, the said sleeve formed with a vertical slit along one side, a grid element mounted in said tube in alignment with said slit and said cathode and spaced from said sleeve, an anode plate positioned in said tube in alignment with said grid element and said cathode opposite the latter, and a collector ring embracing all of said elements and extending to the edges of said plate.

5. A deflection type of vacuum tube comprising a cathode having a cylindrical casing coaxially embracing the same, the said casing being formed with a longitudinal slot an anode plate mounted opposite said slot, a grid element between said slot and said anode plate and spaced from said slot to intercept and diffuse electronic discharges therethrough from said cathode, and a collector ring embracing said encased cathode and said grid element and partially enclosing said anode plate.

JOHN H. HOSEMANN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,144,085 Rothe et a1. Jan. 17, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 232,225 Switzerland Aug. 1, 1944 

